Template:Cite web/doc

Do not use this template in the "External links" section of articles.

Usage
For references with author credit

For references without author credit







 last last last2 editor-last editor-last editor2-last url url url, archive-date archive-url

 required required

Choosing between Template:cite web and Template:cite news
Before 2014, editors had to decide whether to use cite web or cite news based on their features. In 2014, the differences between the two templates were eliminated.

As of, and  have the following differences: But given the same set of valid parameters, their output is exactly the same:
 * can be used for offline (paper) sources whereas generates a missing URL error when no URL is provided
 * accepts issue and volume parameters while does not (See ; see also cite magazine).

Using "format="
When this template detects a link whose URL includes an extension of ".pdf" or ".PDF", typical of PDF files, it automatically displays a PDF icon after the link (regardless of whether the link goes to a PDF file or to an HTML landing page, typical of paysites). It also internally acts as if PDF had been specified, which displays " (PDF)" after the icon. (In this case, an explicit PDF parameter would be redundant, so it is not recommended to add it. Users may remove it. Citation bot, when invoked, will remove it. (ref))

If the link is to a PDF file that is not automatically recognizable by its extension, this template does not display the PDF icon. You may add the parameter PDF, which displays " (PDF)" after the link.

For links to files in other formats, no icon is displayed. For example, for an .odt file, you may add the parameter ODT, which displays " (ODT)" after the link.

Using "archive-url" and "archive-date" (and optionally "url-status") for webpages that have been archived
By default, if "archive-url" is used, dead and the main link is to the archive:

With live, the main link is to the original:

With unfit or usurped, the original is not linked at all:

TemplateData
{	"description": "Formats a citation to a website using the provided information such as URL and title. Used only for sources that are not correctly described by the specific citation templates for books, journals, news sources, etc.", "params": { "url": { "label": "URL", "description": "The URL of the online location where the text of the publication can be found. Requires schemes of the type \"http://...\" or maybe even the protocol relative scheme \"//...\"", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "URL" ],			"required": true, "example": "https://www.metacritic.com//..." },		"title": { "label": "Title", "description": "The title of the source page on the website; will display with quotation marks added. Usually found at the top of your web browser. Not the name of the website.", "type": "string", "required": true },		"date": { "label": "Source date", "description": "Full date when the source was published; if unknown, use access-date instead; do not wikilink", "type": "date", "suggested": true },		"access-date": { "label": "URL access date", "description": "The full date when the original URL was accessed; do not wikilink", "type": "date", "suggested": true },		"website": { "label": "Name of the website", "description": "Title (name) of the website (or its short URL if no plain-language title is discernible); may be wikilinked; will display in italics. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' is redundant in many cases.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "work" ],			"suggested": true, "example": "Rotten Tomatoes" },		"publisher": { "label": "Publisher", "description": "Name of the publisher; may be wikilinked. Having both 'publisher' and 'website' (a.k.a. 'work') is redundant in many cases.", "type": "string", "example": "CBS Interactive (which owns \"Metacritic.com\")" },		"last": { "label": "Last name", "description": "The surname of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "aliases": [ "last1", "author", "author1", "author1-last", "author-last", "surname1", "author-last1", "subject1", "surname", "author-last", "subject" ],			"type": "line", "suggested": true },		"first": { "label": "First name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "aliases": [ "given", "author-first", "first1", "given1", "author-first1", "author1-first" ],			"type": "line", "suggested": true },		"author-link": { "label": "Author link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the author; can suffix with a numeral to add additional authors", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author-link1", "author1-link", "subject-link", "subject-link1", "subject1-link" ]		},		"last2": { "label": "Last name 2", "description": "The surname of the second author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link2'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author2" ]		},		"first2": { "label": "First name 2", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link2": { "label": "Author link 2", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author2-link" ]		},		"others": { "label": "Others", "description": "Used to record other (non-author) contributions to the work, such as 'Illustrated by John Smith' or 'Translated by John Smith'. Only one others parameter is allowed: e.g., 'Illustrated by Jane Doe; Translated by John Smith'", "type": "string" },		"year": { "label": "Year of publication", "description": "Year of the source being referenced; deprecated in favor of 'date', except for the special case of ISO dates with disambiguating letter", "type": "string" },		"orig-year": { "label": "Original year", "description": "Original year of publication; provide specifics", "type": "string" },		"editor-last": { "label": "Editor last name", "description": "The surname of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "editor1-last", "editor" ]		},		"editor-first": { "label": "Editor first name", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor-link'; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors; alias of 'editor1-first'", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "editor1-first" ]		},		"editor-link": { "label": "Editor link", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the editor; can suffix with a numeral to add additional editors", "aliases": [ "editor1-link" ],			"type": "wiki-page-name" },		"series": { "label": "Series identifier", "description": "Series identifier when the source is part of a series, such as a book series or a journal", "type": "string" },		"location": { "label": "Location of publication", "description": "Geographical place of publication; usually not wikilinked; omit when the publication name includes place; alias of 'place'", "type": "string" },		"publication-place": { "label": "Place of publication", "description": "Publication place shows after title; if 'place' or 'location' are also given, they are displayed before the title prefixed with 'written at'", "type": "string" },		"publication-date": { "label": "Publication date", "description": "Date of publication when different from the date the work was written; do not wikilink", "type": "string" },		"page": { "label": "Page", "description": "Page in the source that supports the content; displays after 'p.'", "type": "string" },		"pages": { "label": "Pages", "description": "Pages in the source that support the content (not an indication of the number of pages in the source); displays after 'pp.'", "type": "string" },		"no-pp": { "label": "No pp", "description": "Set to 'y' to suppress the 'p.' or 'pp.' display with 'page' or 'pages' when inappropriate (such as 'Front cover')", "type": "string" },		"at": { "label": "At", "description": "May be used instead of 'page' or 'pages' where a page number is inappropriate or insufficient", "type": "string" },		"language": { "label": "Language", "description": "The language in which the source is written, if not English; use the full language name or one of the standard MediaWiki language codes; do not use icons or templates; separate multiple languages with commas (with no 'and' before the last one)", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "lang" ],			"example": "de, fr, es" },		"script-title": { "label": "Script title", "description": "For titles in languages that do not use a Latin-based alphabet (Arabic, Chinese, Cyrillic, Greek, Hebrew, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, etc). Prefix with two-character ISO639-1 language code followed by a colon. For Japanese use: |script-title=ja:...", "type": "string" },		"trans-title": { "label": "Translated title", "description": "An English language title, if the source cited is in a foreign language; 'language' is recommended", "type": "string" },		"type": { "label": "Type", "description": "Additional information about the media type of the source; format in sentence case", "type": "string" },		"format": { "label": "Format", "description": "Format of the work referred to by 'url'; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML", "type": "string" },		"arxiv": { "label": "arXiv identifier", "description": "An identifier for arXive electronic preprints of scientific papers", "type": "string" },		"asin": { "label": "ASIN", "description": "Amazon Standard Identification Number; 10 characters", "type": "string" },		"asin-tld": { "label": "ASIN TLD", "description": "ASIN top-level domain for Amazon sites other than the US", "type": "string" },		"bibcode": { "label": "Bibcode", "description": "Bibliographic Reference Code (REFCODE); 19 characters", "type": "string" },		"biorxiv": { "label": "biorXiv", "description": "biorXiv identifier; 6 digits", "type": "line" },		"citeseerx": { "label": "CiteSeerX", "description": "CiteSeerX identifier; found after the 'doi=' query parameter", "type": "line" },		"doi": { "label": "DOI", "description": "Digital Object Identifier; begins with '10.'", "type": "string" },		"doi-broken-date": { "label": "DOI broken date", "description": "The date that the DOI was determined to be broken", "type": "string" },		"isbn": { "label": "ISBN", "description": "International Standard Book Number; use the 13-digit ISBN where possible", "type": "string" },		"issn": { "label": "ISSN", "description": "International Standard Serial Number; 8 characters; may be split into two groups of four using a hyphen", "type": "string" },		"jfm": { "label": "jfm code", "description": "Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik classification code", "type": "string" },		"jstor": { "label": "JSTOR", "description": "JSTOR identifier", "type": "string" },		"lccn": { "label": "LCCN", "description": "Library of Congress Control Number", "type": "string" },		"mr": { "label": "MR", "description": "Mathematical Reviews identifier", "type": "string" },		"oclc": { "label": "OCLC", "description": "Online Computer Library Center number", "type": "string" },		"ol": { "label": "OL", "description": "Open Library identifier", "type": "string" },		"osti": { "label": "OSTI", "description": "Office of Scientific and Technical Information identifier", "type": "string" },		"pmc": { "label": "PMC", "description": "PubMed Center article number", "type": "string" },		"pmid": { "label": "PMID", "description": "PubMed Unique Identifier", "type": "string" },		"rfc": { "label": "RFC", "description": "Request for Comments number", "type": "string" },		"ssrn": { "label": "SSRN", "description": "Social Science Research Network", "type": "string" },		"zbl": { "label": "Zbl", "description": "Zentralblatt MATH journal identifier", "type": "string" },		"id": { "label": "id", "description": "A unique identifier used where none of the specialized ones are applicable", "type": "string" },		"archive-url": { "label": "Archive URL", "description": "The URL of an archived copy of a web page, if or in case the URL becomes unavailable; requires 'archive-date'", "type": "string", "suggested": true },		"archive-date": { "label": "Archive date", "description": "Date when the original URL was archived; do not wikilink", "type": "date", "suggested": true },		"archive-format": { "label": "Archive format", "description": "Format of the archived copy; examples: PDF, DOC, XLS; do not specify HTML", "type": "string" },		"quote": { "label": "Quote", "description": "Relevant text quoted from the source; displays last, enclosed in quotes; must include terminating punctuation", "type": "string" },		"ref": { "label": "Ref", "description": "An anchor identifier; can be made the target of wikilinks to full references", "type": "string" },		"postscript": { "label": "Postscript", "description": "The closing punctuation for the citation; ignored if 'quote' is defined", "type": "string", "default": "." },		"author-mask": { "label": "Author mask", "description": "Replaces the name of the first author with em dashes or text; set to a numeric value 'n' to set the dash 'n' em spaces wide; set to a text value to display the text without a trailing author separator; for example, 'with' instead", "type": "string" },		"last3": { "label": "Last name 3", "description": "The surname of the third author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link3'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author3" ]		},		"first3": { "label": "First name 3", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link3": { "label": "Author link 3", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author3-link" ]		},		"last4": { "label": "Last name 4", "description": "The surname of the fourth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link4'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author4" ]		},		"first4": { "label": "First name 4", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link4": { "label": "Author link 4", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author4-link" ]		},		"last5": { "label": "Last name 5", "description": "The surname of the fifth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link5'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author5" ]		},		"first5": { "label": "First name 5", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link5": { "label": "Author link 5", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author5-link" ]		},		"last6": { "label": "Last name 6", "description": "The surname of the sixth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link6'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author6" ]		},		"first6": { "label": "First name 6", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth author; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"author-link6": { "label": "Author link 6", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author6-link" ]		},		"last7": { "label": "Last name 7", "description": "The surname of the seventh author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link7'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author7" ]		},		"first7": { "label": "First name 7", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link7": { "label": "Author link 7", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author7-link" ]		},		"last8": { "label": "Last name 8", "description": "The surname of the eighth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link8'.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author8" ]		},		"first8": { "label": "First name 8", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link8": { "label": "Author link 8", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author8-link" ]		},		"last9": { "label": "Last name 9", "description": "The surname of the ninth author; don't wikilink, use 'author-link9'. If nine authors are defined, then only eight will show and 'et al.' will show in place of the last author.", "type": "line", "aliases": [ "author9" ]		},		"first9": { "label": "First name 9", "type": "line", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth author; don't wikilink." },		"author-link9": { "label": "Author link 9", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth author.", "type": "wiki-page-name", "aliases": [ "author9-link" ]		},		"display-authors": { "label": "Display authors", "description": "Number of authors to display before 'et al.' is used. By default, all authors are displayed. Examples: |display-authors=2 will display only the first two authors in a citation followed by et al. |display-authors=etal displays all authors in the list followed by et al.", "type": "string" },		"name-list-style": { "label": "Name list style", "description": "Set to 'amp' or 'and' to change the separator between the last two names of the name list to ' & ' or ' and ', respectively. Set to 'vanc' to display name lists in Vancouver style.", "type": "string" },		"editor2-last": { "label": "Editor last name 2", "description": "The surname of the second editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor2-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor2" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor2-first": { "label": "Editor first name 2", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the second editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor3-last": { "label": "Editor last name 3", "description": "The surname of the third editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor3-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor3" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor3-first": { "label": "Editor first name 3", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the third editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor4-last": { "label": "Editor last name 4", "description": "The surname of the fourth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor4-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor4" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor4-first": { "label": "Editor first name 4", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fourth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor5-last": { "label": "Editor last name 5", "description": "The surname of the fifth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor5-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor5" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor5-first": { "label": "Editor first name 5", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the fifth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor6-last": { "label": "Editor last name 6", "description": "The surname of the sixth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor6-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor6" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor6-first": { "label": "Editor first name 6", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the sixth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor7-last": { "label": "Editor last name 7", "description": "The surname of the seventh editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor7-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor7" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor7-first": { "label": "Editor first name 7", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the seventh editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor8-last": { "label": "Editor last name 8", "description": "The surname of the eighth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor8-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor8" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor8-first": { "label": "Editor first name 8", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the eighth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor9-last": { "label": "Editor last name 9", "description": "The surname of the ninth editor; don't wikilink, use 'editor9-link'.", "aliases": [ "editor9" ],			"type": "line" },		"editor9-first": { "label": "Editor first name 9", "description": "Given or first name, middle names, or initials of the ninth editor; don't wikilink.", "type": "line" },		"editor2-link": { "label": "Editor link 2", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the second editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor3-link": { "label": "Editor link 3", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the third editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor4-link": { "label": "Editor link 4", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fourth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor5-link": { "label": "Editor link 5", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the fifth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor6-link": { "label": "Editor link 6", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the sixth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor7-link": { "label": "Editor link 7", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the seventh editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor8-link": { "label": "Editor link 8", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the eighth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"editor9-link": { "label": "Editor link 9", "description": "Title of existing Wikipedia article about the ninth editor.", "type": "wiki-page-name" },		"edition": { "label": "Edition", "type": "string", "description": "Specify the edition or revision of the source, when applicable. For example: '2nd' or '5.1'. What you supply here is suffixed by ' ed.'" },		"url-access": { "label": "URL access level", "description": "Classification of the access restrictions on the URL ('registration', 'subscription' or 'limited')", "type": "string" },		"bibcode-access": { "label": "Bibcode access level", "description": "If the full text is available from ADS via this Bibcode, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"doi-access": { "label": "DOI access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read via the DOI, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"hdl-access": { "label": "HDL access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read via the HDL, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"jstor-access": { "label": "Jstor access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on Jstor, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"ol-access": { "label": "OpenLibrary access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on OpenLibrary, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"osti-access": { "label": "OSTI access level", "description": "If the full text is free to read on OSTI, type 'free'.", "type": "string" },		"authors": { "label": "Authors list", "description": "List of authors as a free form list. Use of this parameter is discouraged, \"lastn\" to \"firstn\" are preferable. Warning: do not use if last or any of its aliases are used.", "type": "string", "aliases": [ "people", "host" ]		},		"via": { "label": "Published via", "description": "Name of the entity hosting the original copy of the work, if different from the publisher. This entity is committed not to alter the work. GitHub, SourceForge, CodePlex, YouTube, Vimeo, Dailymotion and Netflix are examples of service dedicated to acting on behalf of the publisher, but Archive.org, Wikimedia Commons and grc.com have done this on certain occasions.", "example": "\"GitHub\", which hosts \"Visual Studio Code\" on behalf of \"Microsoft\"", "type": "string" },		"url-status": { "label": "URL status", "description": "If set to 'live', the title display is adjusted; useful for when the URL is archived preemptively but still live. Set to \"dead\" or 'usurped' for broken links. Entering 'unfit' or 'usurped' makes the original link not appear at all.", "example": "'dead' or 'live'", "type": "string", "default": "'dead' if an Archive URL is entered", "autovalue": "live", "suggested": true, "suggestedvalues": [ "dead", "live", "usurped", "unfit" ]		},		"lay-source": { "label": "Lay source", "description": "Name of the source of the laysummary; displays in italics, preceded by an en dash", "type": "string" },		"lay-date": { "label": "Lay date", "description": "Date of the summary; displays in parentheses", "type": "string" },		"lay-url": { "label": "Lay URL", "description": "URL link to a non-technical summary or review of the source; alias of 'laysummary'", "type": "string" }	},	"maps": { "citoid": { "title": "title", "url": "url", "subject": "title", "publicationTitle": "website", "blogTitle": "website", "forumTitle": "website", "seriesTitle": "website", "websiteTitle": "website", "publisher": "publisher", "date": "date", "PMCID": "pmc", "PMID": "pmid", "oclc": "oclc", "pages": "pages", "series": "series", "accessDate": "access-date", "DOI": "doi", "language": "language", "contributor": "others", "author": [ [					"first", "last" ],				[					"first2", "last2" ],				[					"first3", "last3" ],				[					"first4", "last4" ],				[					"first5", "last5" ],				[					"first6", "last6" ],				[					"first7", "last7" ],				[					"first8", "last8" ],				[					"first9", "last9" ]			],			"editor": [ [					"editor-first", "editor-last" ],				[					"editor2-first", "editor2-last" ],				[					"editor3-first", "editor3-last" ],				[					"editor4-first", "editor4-last" ],				[					"editor5-first", "editor5-last" ],				[					"editor6-first", "editor6-last" ],				[					"editor7-first", "editor7-last" ],				[					"editor8-first", "editor8-last" ],				[					"editor9-first", "editor9-last" ]			]		}	},	"paramOrder": [ "last", "first", "author-link", "last2", "first2", "author-link2", "last3", "first3", "author-link3", "last4", "first4", "author-link4", "last5", "first5", "author-link5", "last6", "first6", "author-link6", "last7", "first7", "author-link7", "last8", "first8", "author-link8", "last9", "first9", "author-link9", "authors", "author-mask", "display-authors", "name-list-style", "date", "year", "orig-year", "editor-last", "editor-first", "editor-link", "editor2-last", "editor2-first", "editor2-link", "editor3-last", "editor3-first", "editor3-link", "editor4-last", "editor4-first", "editor4-link", "editor5-last", "editor5-first", "editor5-link", "editor6-last", "editor6-first", "editor6-link", "editor7-last", "editor7-first", "editor7-link", "editor8-last", "editor8-first", "editor8-link", "editor9-last", "editor9-first", "editor9-link", "others", "title", "script-title", "trans-title", "url", "url-access", "url-status", "archive-url", "archive-date", "archive-format", "access-date", "website", "series", "publisher", "location", "page", "pages", "at", "language", "type", "format", "publication-place", "publication-date", "via", "no-pp", "arxiv", "asin", "asin-tld", "bibcode", "biorxiv", "citeseerx", "doi", "doi-broken-date", "isbn", "issn", "jfm", "jstor", "lccn", "mr", "oclc", "ol", "osti", "pmc", "pmid", "rfc", "ssrn", "zbl", "id", "quote", "ref", "postscript", "lay-url", "lay-source", "lay-date", "edition", "bibcode-access", "doi-access", "hdl-access", "jstor-access", "ol-access", "osti-access" ],	"format": "inline" }